Dicussion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Dicussion - Essay Example Partnerships are seen as people since they have rights and opportunities practically like those given to an individual. For instance, under the United Sates constitution companies can't be denied the privilege to freedom, life or property without fair treatment. Furthermore, under the Fourteenth Amendment no state will not deny any individual the equivalent security of the laws in that even the companies ought not be separated. Organizations reserve the privilege to claim, gain and discard property, just as, sue and be sued. Be that as it may, in spite of the fact that partnerships are given these rights they are denied the option to cast a ballot as an individual and to secure licensure in light of the fact that the companies don't meet any instructive prerequisites. An organization is made by recording the article of relationship with the secretary of state and when the articles are acknowledged or endorsed a corporate contract is given to a partnership (Showalter, 2014). Joining of the association implies gives the partnership five chief points of interest. They incorporate constrained risk, interminable presence, free exchange of possession intrigue, capacity to raise capital and tax assessment separate from singular personal duties. Partnerships have both suggested and express powers that are recorded plainly under the rule or sanction. The forces of the organization must be predictable with the sanction and when the company conflicts with those forces they are held to be ultra vires implying that they acted past their breaking point. Medical clinics are seen as Not-revenue driven association, which is for the most part possessed by investors. The investors are qualified and are normal for get profits from the corporation’s income, and they are additionally permitted to share resources if there should be an occurrence of the disintegration of the partnership. In spite of the fact that Not-revenue driven partnership are permitted a large portion of the benefits of the enterprise on the off chance that they need to utilize the company for different additions they need to remember such represents

Mother Savage & Desirees Baby-Compare and contrast Essay -- essays res

Mother Savage happens in Virelogne during the Franco-Prussian War of 1870. The storyteller retells the story behind the vestiges of a covered cabin. At thirty-three years old, Mother Savage’s child chipped in the war (on the French side), disregarding his mom. Mother Savage lived alone in her house until the Prussians came one day. Since she was known to have cash, she needed to take four of them. They were by all accounts great young men. Since they saw Mother Savage was a senior woman, they indicated thought toward her and assisted with as much as could be expected under the circumstances. She took care of them and treated them well despite the fact that they were the adversary and her own child was battling against them. One day she inquired as to whether they know where the French regiment was, since her child was in the 23rd of the line. The Prussians said they don't knew anything.      After one month of living with those four fighters, Mother Savage got a letter. In this letter she was educated regarding her child Victor’s passing in detail. She didn't cry a tear from the outset. She was excessively dazed by the news. Grisly pictures of her Victor’s passing went through her head. Never again would she have the option to kiss her lone kid. Victor’s life had been removed like his dad who was murdered by the police. Soon after perusing the letter, the Prussians returned home and she welcomed them as though nothing had occurred. In her psyche, she had just arranged an approach to seek retribution on the Prussians for her son’s passing. She set her own house ablaze after the four Prussians nodded off. At the point when the police came, Mother Savage let them know precisely what had occurred. At that point, she gave the German police a bit of paper with the four Prussians names and addresses so they could contact their families about what occurred. Mother Savage didn't lament what she did. The German police felt free to execute her on the spot.      In Mother Savage we can see viciousness all through the story. Above all else, it happens during the Franco-Prussian War. Brutality is exceptionally huge in this story, in light of the war, however since it is utilized as counter for the passing of a friend or family member. Mother Savage got a deplorable letter advising her regarding Victor’s passing:           Maddam Savage: This letter has a dismal story to let you know. Your kid Victor was killed yesterday ... ...e defining moment of the tale of Mother Savage. She comprehended that the four troopers she had living in her cabin were foes, however she had positively no issue. â€Å"She enjoyed them all around ok, as well, those four adversaries of hers; for nation individuals don't when in doubt feel devoted disdain those sentiments are saved for the upper classes† (page 66). In the wake of getting the letter educating her son’s passing, Mother Savage could just consider how appalling the scene was at the time her child was severely killed by Prussian warriors during fight:           The police had slaughtered his dad, and now the Prussians had murdered her son†¦he had  â â â â â â â â â â â â â â been cut in two by a cannonball. What's more, it appeared to her she could see everything, the entire  â â â â â â â â â â â â â â horrible thing: his head falling with his eyes all the way open, his teeth despite everything chewing the  â â â â â â â â â â â â â â corners of his thick mustache the manner in which he used to be the point at which he was furious. (page 67)

Valentines Spell(ing) How Can Luv B Wrong

Valentines Spell(ing) How Can Luv B Wrong Your name doesn’t have to be Siri for you to realize that the latest communications technology and spelling don’t always mix. When dashing off a quick message with your thumbs or trying to limit your latest profoundly keen social commentary to a mere 140 characters, there is often little time or space for letters that are phonetically irrelevant. For those of us who work and play with words (and especially weirdos like me who insist on proper spelling and punctuation), it can be a bit frustratingâ€"which is not to say we aren’t also sometimes guilty. But let’s get to the root of the problem: Valentine’s Day. Yes, long before* email, texting, and Twitter, there were those crunchy, chalky candy hearts emblazoned with naively naughty and liberally misspelled messages such as I LUV U…B MINE…U R HOT…U R A TIGER…B SWEET 2 ME…and other lines that, for content or form, would have otherwise gotten you get kicked out of the third-grade classroom in which you probably received them. *According to their manufacturer, the tiny colored hearts have been a tradition “since the Civil War” (popular messages may have included 4 SCORE! and U R A REBEL). Of course, at least for my generation, third-grade Valentine’s Day parties were important laboratories of social developmentâ€"offering the perfect cover from under which cowards like me could emerge, as societal norms and Mrs. Brockmeyer demanded that we give paper valentines and candy hearts to everyone in class anyway; it was up to us, though, to decide which of our secret crushes would receive the more risquéâ€"and riskyâ€"messages. Was “B MINE” coming on way too strong? I would find out soon enough. However, we were also learning that it was possible to communicate clearly in written language without necessarily spelling everything correctly, intentionally or not. And as long as everyone knew what we were trying to say, who was going to stop us? Ah. Which brings us back to present-day technology: Damn you, autocorrect! While some see this computerized intervention as a means of protecting our language, we all know it just as often ruins a perfectly good message to a friend, or worse. But is the problem autocorrect, or spelling itself? The question has lead Oberlin English professor Anne Trubek, in a recent issue of Wired magazine, to argue for a relaxation of the language’s strict and often illogical rules: Our supposedly helpful correction software isn’t doing us any favors, and not just because it routinely turns easily decipherable errors into bizarre non-sequiturs. And definitely not for any of the reasons your third-grade English teacher might cite: that it makes us lazy or robs us of our ability to spell. No, autocorrect and spellcheckers are wrongheaded because they reinforce a traditional spelling standard. Consistent spelling was a great way to ensure clarity in the print era. But with new technologies, the way that we write and read (and search and data-mine) is changing, and so must spelling.  Trubek points out that this notion that words should only be spelled one way is a relatively recent development, roughly coinciding with the rise of the printing press in English-speaking countriesâ€"and even then, centuries before Microsoft Word, printers would freely change spellings to justify type (“perhaps this is how deceit lost its p,” she writes, whereas “receipt” never did). And in the land of the free, everyone from Ben Franklin to Noah Webster to Mark Twain has advocated an overhaul of the American English alphabet and/or an unshackling from our stringent spelling system. While I find much to consider in Trubek’s call for casting off this spell cast by spelling, I tend to agree with Lee Simmons, a Wired copy editor who published a rebuttal: Personally, I like to be able to understand what I read, without having to stop and puzzle over “creative” spellingsâ€"whether it’s in a book, on a tablet, or online. What exactly is it about digital media that demands the abolition of spelling rules? The closest Trubek comes to an explanation on this point is when she writes, “Computers, smartphones, and tablets are speeding the adoption of more casual forms of communicationâ€"texting is closer to speech than letter writing.” Ah! If that’s all we’re talking aboutâ€"brief, informal bulletins to your friendsâ€"fine. No one cares how you spell your text messages, any more than they care how you spell your grocery lists or party invitations. Deciphering a few misspelled words in a two-sentence tweet isn’t too burdensome … So if you want to chat in leetspeak or use cutesy abbreviations in your texts, go crazy. You’re talking to your own tribe; they know the code, and they’re willing to indulge your affectations. In other words, let’s not throw out the baby with the bathwater*â€"there is room in our evolving language for necessary rules and equally necessary innovations. The persistent flow of new wordsâ€"and yes, even new spellingsâ€"into the lexicon proves that. *Though fewer clichés like that would be great. My bad. So while it is important to respect the rules, particularly in any formal situation where clarity is of the utmost importance (“Dear Sir, It has come to our attention that you are a tiger…”), you may keep your Valentine’s Day candy heart light. Because LUV will always find a way.

Schizophrenia And Its Effects On Mental Health - 959 Words

Schizophrenia is the disorder that most closely corresponds to popular concepts of insanity, madness, or lunacy (Nevid, 2006). Nevid (2006) also states that schizophrenia comes from Greek roots meaning â€Å"split brain†. There are quite a few people in the United States that have schizophrenia. According to the National Institute of Mental Health approximately 2.4 million American adults or about 1.1 percent of the population age eighteen and older in a given year have schizophrenia (2013). Schizophrenia is found in men more than women. Men also tend to develop the disorder earlier than women and experience more severe cases of the disorder (Nevid, 2006). When being diagnosed with schizophrenia there are phases the doctor will test. These stages are prodromal, active or acute, remission, and relapse (Frese, 2012). It is hard for people who are diagnosed with schizophrenia. It takes their courage, compassion, and commitment to stand up for who they are. It makes one a totally different person when being diagnosed with schizophrenia. Their loved ones have to stick by their side to help them go through the process and live with schizophrenia. There are some that result in suicide because they either don’t have the loved ones or just can’t handle be a patient with schizophrenia. The first stage of schizophrenia is prodromal. According to Croft, the term prodromal refers to the period of time from when the first change in a person occurs until they develop full blownShow MoreRelatedMental Health Problems And Its Effects On People With Schizophrenia And Criminal Offending1022 Words   |  5 Pagesin 2007 one in every five Australian aged 16-85 had a mental disorder. Mental health problem is the behavioural pattern that occur in an individual, which is caused by psychological defects (DSM V). It is contemplated that mental health problems increase the risk of violent offending but researchers suggest that mental health problem does not play a leading role in violent offending. There are other factors which in combination with mental health will increase the risk of violent offending. This pointRead MoreMental Health Issues And Its Effects Upon The Individual, Their Carers, Family and Friends (Schizophrenia)4019 Words   |  17 PagesFOR NURSING PRACTICE: MEN TAL HEALTH Mental Health Issues And Its Effects Upon The Individual, Their Carers, Family and Friends Summative Assessment 3299 Words 10th July 2013 Schizophrenia is a widely recognized chronic and severe psychiatric disorder which according to the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE, 2009) guidelines, affects one per-cent of the UK population. Schizophrenia can be classified as an overall category for the mental illness; however, diagnosticRead MoreMental Illness And Mental Health Essay936 Words   |  4 PagesMental health is being successful in doing mental functions resulting in being able to form relationships with other people, getting things done and having the ability to work around problems and stress. Your mental health can affect how you think, act and feel. Over the years of your life, your mental health is shaped by the events that you have experienced such as abuse or trauma. Having a healthy mind is just as important as having a healthy body. Conversely, just like how you can get a diseaseRead MoreThe Stigma Of Mental Health968 Words   |  4 PagesINTRODUCTION The stigma in mental health system is deep rooted and its origin goes back by centuries. The stigma is powerful that it has been codified in federal since last 50 years. But the realization that the stigma attached adversely affects mental health care system is still lacking. The discrimination against mental illness has invaded the systemic structure causing more worries to sufferers of mental illness and their families. While every individual and system is well aware of mental illness and theRead MoreSymptoms, Causes, And Treatments Of Schizophrenia1702 Words   |  7 PagesSymptoms, Causes, and Treatments of Schizophrenia Cassidy Echalico Florida State College at Jacksonville Symptoms, Causes, and Treatments of Schizophrenia Schizophrenia is a stigmatized disease that labels victims as crazy. One percent of people develop schizophrenia in their lifetime; more than two million Americans suffer from schizophrenia in a given year (Spearing, 1999). Although schizophrenia affects men and women equally, it often appears earlier in men than in women; Men are generally affectedRead MoreSchizophrenia Case Study1627 Words   |  7 Pages2 second and sixth-year medical school students to examine whether stigma toward mental disorders differs throughout medical education. Their results indicated that sixth-year students had more positive attitudes toward individuals with schizophrenia compared with second year students although 38.7 % of the sixth-year students still perceived individuals with schizophrenia as being dangerous. Recently, Danaci and colleagues (32) recruited 106 freshman medical school students, who did not receiveRead MoreSymptoms And Factors Of Schizophrenia1344 Words   |  6 Pages1.0 Introduct ion This assignment will provide a definition about schizophrenia, its symptoms and factors that may cause it briefly as well as its incidence and prevalence in Australia, Spain and United States of America. It also introduces some of old and recent treatments of this disease. 2.0 Definition of Schizophrenia Schizophrenia is categorised as a psychotic disorder. Psychosis-a general word that is usually used as the psychotic illnesses syndromes-affects people’s thoughts, speech and senseRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Schizophrenia1077 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Schizophrenias is a serious mental illness characterized by incoherent or illogical thoughts, bizarre behavior and speech, and delusions or hallucinations, such as hearing voices (APA,2015). I choose to touch on the topic of schizophrenia because I always been interested the topic itself. The one thing I wondered is if there are different stages of schizophrenia and why it may be hard to diagnose. Schizophrenia is a mental disease that’s very hard to pinpoint in a person, whichRead MoreThe Soloist Is A Film Based Upon The True Story Of Nathaniel Ayers954 Words   |  4 Pagesstory of Nathaniel Ayers, a Juilliard musical prodigy who has schizophrenia, and Steve Lopez a journalist for the Los Angeles Times, who befriended the (then) homeless Ayers when he was living on the streets of LA. Schizophrenia is a chronic and severe mental disorder that affects how a person thinks, feels, and behaves; those who suffer from schizophrenia may seem like they have lost touch with re ality. The symptoms of schizophrenia fall into two categories: positive and negative. People with â€Å"positive†Read MoreThe Stigma Of Mental Health1095 Words   |  5 Pagesstigma in the mental health system is deeply rooted and its origin goes back by centuries. The stigma is powerful that it has been codified in federal since last 50 years. But the realization that the stigma attached adversely affects mental health care system is still lacking. The discrimination against mental illness has invaded the systemic structure causing more worries to sufferers of mental illness and their families. While every individual and system is well aware of mental illness and the

Brave New World Theme Analysis Essay - 1572 Words

nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;quot;God isnt compatible with machinery and scientific medicine and universal happiness.quot; So says Mustapha Mond, the World Controller for Western Europe in Aldous Huxleys novel Brave New World. In doing so, he highlights a major theme in this story of a Utopian society. Although the people in this modernized world enjoy no disease, effects of old age, war, poverty, social unrest, or any other infirmities or discomforts, Huxley asks is the price they pay really worth the benefits? This novel shows that when you must give up religion, high art, true science, and other foundations of modern life in place of a sort of unending happiness, it is not worth the sacrifice.†¦show more content†¦quot;Othellos better than those feelies. Of course it is†¦But thats the price we have to pay for stability. Youve got to choose between happiness and what people used to call high art. Weve sacrificed the high art. We have the feelies and the scent organ instea d. But they dont mean anything,quot; (Huxley 226) This conversation shows one of the tradeoffs made. Stories like Othello are inspired by strong emotions, and Utopia has done away with them. Now, there is nothing to write about, and if something was written along the lines of Othello it might cause people to think, causing instability. The movies people see are idiotic and plotless, based solely on sensations. Religion as we know it has been done away with also, as Mustapha Mond showed by his comments quoted at the beginning of this paper. Religion usually involves self-denial, and that is contrary to everything the new society is based on. With instant gratification and life long youth full of youthful distractions for all, any sort of conventional religion would change all of the peoples actions. Following self-denial and morality, people would be unhappy, and the whole social structure would collapse. Although science is supposedly glorified,Show MoreRelatedBrave New World Theme Analysis Essay1594 Words   |  7 PagesGod isnt compatible with machinery and scientific medicine and universal happiness. So says Mustapha Mond, the World Controller for Western Europe in Aldous Huxleys novel Brave New World. In doing so, he highlights a major theme in this story of a Utopian society. Although the people in this modernized world enjoy no disease, effects of old age, war, poverty, social unrest, or any other infirmities or discomforts, Huxley asks is the price they pay really worth the benefits? This novelRead MoreThe Novel Brave New World 1346 Words   |  6 PagesTitle In the beginning of the novel, the title Brave New World was an optimistic phrase, first used by John the Savage to declare what a wondrous new world he had discovered in the World State. â€Å"‘O brave new world,’ he repeated. ‘O brave new world that has such people in it.’† (Huxley 130) As the novel progresses, the atmosphere accompanying that phrase gets heavier and heavier, when finally on page 190, the phrase is used mockingly; â€Å"‘O brave new world†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ In his mind the singing words seemed to changeRead MoreManipulated Free Will Essay1372 Words   |  6 PagesIn both Brave New World and The Truman Show it shows the negative effects this type of society can cause. In both the novel and film it shows how drug or substance abuse must be enforced to pacify and conditioning are used a means to control the subject or subjects but only lead to physical or mental deterioration of the subjects.  Before I began to break down the points I will give you a brief overview of both the novel Brave New World and the film The Truman Show below. Brave New World ThisRead MoreA Brave New World by Aldous Huxley1756 Words   |  7 PagesAldous Huxley is best known for his novel Brave New World, which depicts a post-industrial revolution utopia. Huxley greatly feared the ramifications to an industrialized world run by consumer capitalism, which is displayed in Brave New World. The government within the novel focuses solely on the bettering of technology and not scientific exploration and experimentation. The society’s values lie in instant gratification and constant happiness. The utopia is maintained through the means of drugs,Read MoreEssay On The Woman Warrior1614 Words   |  7 Pageslives for others--soldiers, police officers, or firefighters--as warriors. Even expanded in this way, the warrior still has a connotation of physical bravery, masculine strength, and unhindered confidence. However, the word warrior can have an entirely new meaning when we use it in a literary context. It can be defined as a person who is simply fightin g for convictions and values that are morally and ethically right. As associated with women, some real, some legendary, some with evident power, some seemingRead MoreComparative Analysis Of Brave New World And Lord Of The Flies 888 Words   |  4 PagesBrave New World and Lord of the Flies: Comparative Analysis on Archetypes Sometimes, societies cannot avoid sacrifice in order to thrive. Unfortunately, the purest individuals often make the sacrifices, not the deserving. Jesus Christ, a common archetype among literary characters, sacrificed himself for His community and people around Him. William Golding and Aldous Huxley’s contemporary dystopian novels reflect a similar theme through their use of archetypes. For instance, both Brave New World andRead MoreComparing the Dystopian Society in Brave New World and Modern Society1443 Words   |  6 Pages The meaning of happiness is a vague concept. Mankind has always tried to achieve this state of well-being even though there isn’t a clear definition. Brave New World tells the story of a society where there is nothing but happiness, just like a utopia, but it is considered a dystopian setting by the modern society. In modern society, there is a simple road that most people follow to achieve happiness: earning enough money for educat ion, getting a university degree, a prestigious andRead MoreLinda Kerber s Women Of The Republic1269 Words   |  6 PagesKERBER: WOMEN OF THE REPUBLIC Name: (Class Information): Date:â€Æ' The ideals by the Republicans which came into the limelight after the Revolutionary War would set into motion a revolution not just in the United States but in many countries across the world. Linda Kerber’s ‘Women of the Republic’ is a demonstration of the paradigm shift in relation to the US social and political structures after the American Revolution. Kerber observes that not only did the war provide more opportunities to women butRead MoreWere All Australian Now Poem Analysis Essay702 Words   |  3 PagesWere all Australian now poem analysis Good morning/Good afternoon boys and girls aboriginal elders and Mrs. Brown Andrew Barton Banjo Paterson (17 February 1864 – 5 February 1941) was an Australian bush poet, journalist and author. He wrote many ballads and poems about Australian life, focusing particularly on the rural and outback areas, including the district around Bin-along, New South Wales, where he spent much of his childhood. Banjo Paterson’s, ‘We’re all Australians now’ was publishedRead MoreGeorge Orwell s Brave New World1601 Words   |  7 Pagesfocus on the past century they would see the works and predictions of Aldous Huxley and George Orwell. Both Huxley and Orwell, as one could infer, composed novels that describe future societies and their inner workings. Aldous Huxley, author of Brave New World, where members of society originate from a lab and who’s lives are pre-determined by the controllers. The controllers of Huxley’s futuristic society’s fundamental goal is to create an ideal community where every member achieves optim al happiness

Spring Festival Free Essays

Spring festival In China, New Year’s Day is a solemn occasion. Every family performs religious rites at the family altar. In order to rejoice at the New Year, people wished others a happy new year and blessed heartily. We will write a custom essay sample on Spring Festival or any similar topic only for you Order Now Some stick calligraphies full of joy on doors, most of them were antithetical couplet, phrase, individual character, such as: blessing, longevity, luckiness, propitious New Year and so on. Whereas, some people pasted paper-cuts for window decorations to do away with the old and set up the new, the patterns of paper-cuts mainly consisted of figure, flower, character, any of the twelve animals representing the twelve Earthly Branches, and other animals. On New Year’s Eve, all the members of families come together to feast. Jiaozi is popular in the north, while southerners favor a sticky sweet glutinous rice pudding called Nian Gao. Before the eve of the New Year, everyone tries to come back home from every corner of the country to join the entire family, just like Americans’ practice for Christmas, to greet the New Year. A New Year big dinner is served. After the meal, the table is cleared, dishes washed and put away. Then it is time to undertake final preparations to meet the New Year. In the morning, people put on their new clothes and shoes. Men, with their wives, call on relatives and friends to wish them a â€Å"Happy and Prosperous New Year â€Å". The caller is served tea with sweet-meats; melon seeds, both red and black; and fruits and delicacies such as puffed rice cakes, dump-lings and deep-fried round doughnuts. In addition, liquor and tobacco are offered. Before leaving, the well-wisher present gifts of money wrapped in red paper to all the unmarried children of the family. Starting from the New Year’s Day, people began going out to visit friends and relatives, taking with them gifts such as fruits, wines, flowers, etc. This period was a time for visiting and amusement. Common expressions heard at this time are: Happy New Year. People also enjoy all sorts of entertainment, going to the temple fairs, treating themselves to the local delicacies, and watching performances of fold art forms, which usually include ballads singing, story telling, comic dialogues, clapper talk and cross talk. During this period, quarrels are to be avoided. Words with bad connotations such as defeat, illness, surgical operations, a coffin or death are not to be used. Dishes are handled carefully, for breaking a dish on New Year’s Day indicate bad luck for the coming year. An important tradition on New Year’s Eve is for families to gather together and spend the evening preparing dumpling or boiled dumplings. According to Chinese Culture, it is common to hide a coin or Chinese date in some of the dumplings. Whoever gets these dumplings will supposedly have good luck in the coming year. Give out money packets – On New Year’s day, children receive red packets decorated with gold symbols and filled with â€Å"lucky money†. Serve festive foods – Throughout the New Years season, certain foods are served because they symbolize abundance and good fortune. Besides preparing special dishes, tangerines and oranges are often passed out to children and guests, as they symbolize wealth and good luck. Prepare a Tray of Togetherness – This is a circular tray with eight compartments, each containing symbolic foods such as lotus seeds which provides a sweet beginning to the New Year. How to cite Spring Festival, Papers

Partnership for Lebanon and Cisco Systems free essay sample

The â€Å"Partnership for Lebanon and Cisco Systems† case study discusses a project developed after the war in Lebanon in July of 2006. After the war, President George W. Bush urged 5 U. S. based companies to partner together to help with the reconstruction efforts in Lebanon, including Cisco systems (led by John Chambers), Intel corp. (led by Craig Barrett), Ghafari Inc. (led by Yousif Ghafari), Occidental Petroleum (led by Dr. Ray Irani), and Microsoft (led by Steve Balmer). The partnership of these 5 successful U. S. companies formed the Partnership for Lebanon, or the PFL, for which a woman named Salam Yamout was appointed as project manager (Jimali, 2011). Upon the formation of the PFL in 2006, the leaders met at the Paris III donor conference with Fuad Seniora, the Lebanese prime Minister, to discuss and develop the key goals that would need to be achieved in the Lebanese reconstruction efforts, and to map out the main initiatives of the PFL (Jimali, 2011). We will write a custom essay sample on Partnership for Lebanon and Cisco Systems or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page With a primary focus on efficient and productive communities and advancement opportunities for the Lebanese people, they developed the following 5 key objectives for which they made significant progress over the next three years: 1. Emergency Relief and Response: The first of the 5 key objectives, emergency relief and response, was essential to establishing a sense of security among the Lebanese people following the war. From 2006 through 2009, the PFL helped more than 1000 families to rebuild their homes, and helped many communities to resettle. This was a first step toward rebuilding the infrastructure and public society needed for economic and workforce growth (Jimali, 2011). The PFL also rebuilt 10 youth and IT centers, complete with computer labs and Internet technology, providing a training center for over 1400 young people in Lebanon and rehabilitated the schools that stood in the areas most affected by the war, focusing on school safety, quality of student life, and Information Communication Technology (ICT) training (Jimali, 2011). Finally, in order to reduce continued casualties, the PFL trained and certified two dogs to detect landmines, a $65,000 effort that likely saved lives and increased the mobility of the Lebanese people. 2. Job Creation/Private Sector renewal: The next key objective of the PFL was to increase the number of available jobs in Lebanon, particularly in the private sector. Much of the focus on this initiative was suggested by Cisco leader John Chambers, who, in a visit to the American University of Beirut, was affected by the number of highly educated, multi-lingual Lebanese young people who would look for employment opportunities outside of Lebanon immediately following graduation. Noting the emigration of the most capable young workers as a significant obstacle to the future prosperity of the Lebanese people, Chambers suggested the job creation be made a top priority. As a top global leader in the Information Communication Technology industry, Cisco took the lead by developing a $1 million grant program called the â€Å"CREDIT† program, which they used to deliver 133 loans to businesses specializing in ICT (Jimali, 2011). Furthermore, in order to provide learning opportunities for Lebanese businesses, the PFL developed the Executive Mentorship Program, which matched successful U. S. businesses with leaders of Lebanese businesses. 3. Developing ICT infrastructure: As part of the PFL’s job creation efforts, Cisco also took the lead in developing a sustainable Information Communication Technology infrastructure. The first step toward this was to expand broadband service to all rural and urban areas. By partnering with the Lebanese Telecommunications Regulatory Agency (TRA), the PFL developed a long-term strategy for expanding broadband service, which began with the development of several new Internet exchange points and an International Internet gateway. 4. Workforce Training ICT education: Finally in workforce development, the PFL set out to create private sector job opportunities for the uneducated Lebanese population. By creating professional training programs and ICT education, a basic infrastructure targeted at building a middle-class could be developed. The PFL made several achievements in this area, including using high-speed broadband connections to connect 50 public schools to the Ministry of Education, providing online learning materials, sponsoring and ICT/life skills youth summer camp program, placing interns in Lebanese businesses, and helping to integrate ICT programs in Lebanese schools (Jimali, 2011). 5. Developing connected communities and connected governments: The final PFL objective sought to develop connected communities throughout Lebanon. A major stride in this objective involved developing ICT centers where people without broadband capabilities could go to stay connected through variety of Medias. In addition to developing 10 of these ICT centers, the PFL also enabled 5 full-service community access points that were affected by the war (Jimali, 2011). CSR Lessons There are several key strategic lessons that the PFL learned throughout their efforts in Lebanon concerning the creation and implementation of development programs, particularly those that would be able to be adopted by any senior manager. Perhaps the most important strategic lesson was that a targeted, overall objective must be developed in order to maintain the highest likelihood of success. Instead of developing a wide spectrum of initiatives to help rebuild Lebanon, Cisco and the other PFL partners focused on ICT as a means for rebuilding infrastructure and developing economic and educational opportunities for the Lebanese people. By developing this focused mission, Cisco avoided wasting time and resources or putting a great deal of input into unrelated initiatives that may or may not have had beneficial results. Furthermore, by developing a single mission that was within their expertise, Cisco was able to make valuable contributions in a vital area and thus maximize their impact. The PFL recognized that it could not solve all of Lebanon’s problems, but by developing a set of initiatives that Cisco and partnering companies felt well equipped to address, they were able to develop a plan within the ICT industry where it could make a measurable impact (Jimali, 2011). Another key strategic lesson learned by the PFL was that a thorough situational analysis is essential to developing an effective restructuring campaign. This is a lesson that is relevant to any rebuilding efforts, whether it is for a nation, a corporation, or a nonprofit organization. By conducting a detailed situational analysis, Cisco as able to analyze which objectives would create opportunities in Lebanon and how Lebanese government organizations, businesses, and communities would utilize various initiatives. Cisco’s thorough analysis allowed them to develop an effective methodology for implementing various programs, as well as to gain government cooperation and support throughout the process. This analysis also provided Cisco with insight regarding which support and resources they would need to ensure success and therefore allowed them to gather the support they needed before beginning the process in order to produce the fastest and more effective results. John Chambers, Cisco CEO, said, â€Å"In September, we visited Lebanon and we saw a country that can achieve many of the goals itself, but with the proper assistance can achieve them at a much faster pace and rebuild the country for the future, not just rebuild back to where they were before. † (Cisco CSR Report, 2009). Lastly, an essential strategic lesson learned by the PFL concerning the implementation and running of development programs was that a change process must be developed in carefully planned incremental steps, beginning with the development of the infrastructure needed to prepare for the next step. This is especially important for ensuring that the strategy can be adopted by any senior manager, because it allows for a step-by-step map of development that allows managers to build upon previous initiatives. Cisco, Corporate Sponsors, and PFL Because of its expertise in this area and its long-time commitment to investing in community sustainability, Cisco was an effective leader in the PFL’s objectives, providing valuable insight on how to encourage job creation that would continue to evolve over time. Cisco is a leading organization in global networking and communications technology, and was the creator of the multi-protocol router, which revolutionized Internet communications. A company worth $550 billion in 2000, Cisco’s success has been attributed to a focus on customer need that was so targeted that they did not commit to any specific technology and were willing to change in whatever way they needed in order to meet their customers need. It was this willingness to adapt as well as Cisco’s commitment to community and economic investments that made Cisco the right leader for the PFL’s goals. Cisco’s CSR initiatives had always been designed in a way that sought to add value to the organization through strategically planned initiatives and to leverage the company’s core competence and sustainability levels in a way that provided clear and measurable outputs. Cisco also took a lead in the PFL’s educational and professional training programs, which provided crucial career opportunities for the Lebanese people. The Challenge of Sustainability Despite the successful implementation of the PFL initiatives from 2006 through 2009, in September of 2009, PLF project manager Salam Yamout expressed concern to her manager, George Akiki regarding the long-term sustainability of the PLF initiatives. She said, â€Å"The PFL has undoubtedly been successful across the 5 work streams, and has infused much needed resources, support and hope in a context of post-war devastation, but the key question haunting me now is how to sustain this impact into the future. † (Jimali, 2011). Akiki agreed, and thus the question of how Lebanon could sustain the development initiated by the PLF without the generous management and resource contributions of Cisco and PLF partners. While the sustainability challenges faced by the PLF may seem daunting, the educational and job training programs developed by the program can be designed to be self-supporting, these programs, if continued and managed by competent leaders, can allow Lebanon’s ICT related programs to continue to prepare Lebanese people for good jobs. The first step to maintaining these programs is to gather investors from both within Lebanon and from the International community, particularly those who benefit from the increased educational and professional opportunities in the Middle East. Moreover, if the Lebanese government is able to recognize the benefit hat a more vibrant ICT community can offer to the economy, a system of public funding can be developed. Furthermore, if individuals who are trained through these programs can be offered incentives to remain within the program as educators, the programs can become self-sustaining through generations. Conclusion Cisco and the partners that formed the PLF provide an example of an efficient program for utilizing the specific expertise and resources of one industry to enact positive change on a community in desperate need of rebuilding. Their thorough analysis, clear-cut mission, and careful planning in an area that they were well resources in, allowed for an extremely effective rebuilding process. Moreover, Cisco provided a valuable framework for how with productive partnerships and effective leadership, successful organizations can help to address societal problems in a way that adds value to both the community involved and the partnering organizations. Too often, today’s conversation regarding CSR presents in if/or debate, as if companies must choose between economic value and ethical value. The economic argument suggests that corporations are obligated only to shareholders, and that investments made in activities that do not directly maximize profits are irresponsible, while the ethical argument suggests that because corporations benefit from the people and infrastructure of communities, they are obligated to make investments in those communities (Bansal, 2005). However, a modern view of CSR suggests that there is a middle ground where economics and ethics can converge to create longer term sustainable value. Cisco’s participation in the PLF program is an example of this middle ground. In its participation in the PLF program, Cisco expanded its influence in a part of the world where they previously had little reach, thus creating added value to their organization while addressing significant societal problems.